Research Articles | Challenge Journal of Perioperative Medicine

Comparison of the effects of femoral and axillary artery cannulation on ischemic cerebral injury in acute type A aortic dissection surgery: A retrospective study

Semih Murat Yücel, Burhan Dost, Ozgur Komurcu, Emine Özdemir, Caner Genç, Mustafa Kemal Demirag, Deniz Karakaya


DOI: https://doi.org/10.20528/cjpm.2024.03.006
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Abstract


Background: Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) is a life-threatening condition requiring emergency surgical intervention. This retrospective study evaluates the impact of femoral and axillary arterial cannulation techniques on ischemic neurological damage and mortality.

Materials and Method: A total of 60 patients who underwent emergency surgery for ATAAD between 2016 and 2021 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the arterial cannulation technique: Group A (axillary cannulation) and Group F (femoral cannulation). Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were compared between the groups. The primary outcome was incidence of ischemic cerebral injury and secondary outcomes included 30-day all-cause mortality, intensive care unit and hospital length of stay and postoperative complications.

Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of ischemic cerebral injury (p=0.13). There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between the groups (p= 0.27). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the cannulation type was a risk factor for ischemic cerebral injury development (OR [95% CI]; 119.034 [1.612–8791.314], p=0.029).

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the type of cannulation may be a risk factor for the development of ischemic cerebral injury. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal arterial cannulation technique for improving outcomes in ATAAD surgery.


Keywords


type A aortic dissection; arterial cannulation; ischemic cerebral injury; retrospective study

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